History Archives - NIR News / National Investigative Report https://nationalinvestigativereport.com/category/history/ Investigative Journalism At Its Best! Wed, 18 Jan 2017 00:02:58 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.8.1 https://nationalinvestigativereport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/cropped-NewsBriefs-150x150.png History Archives - NIR News / National Investigative Report https://nationalinvestigativereport.com/category/history/ 32 32 The History of the Greatest Show on Earth. https://nationalinvestigativereport.com/greatestshow/ https://nationalinvestigativereport.com/greatestshow/#comments Mon, 02 Jan 2017 22:49:19 +0000 http://nationalinvestigativereport.com/?p=803 There are few people who have not heard of the Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus, which is a tribute to the marketing genius of P.T. Barnum and James Anthony Bailey. To see the beginning of this great company, we must travel all the way back. James Anthony Bailey and James E. Cooper created […]

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There are few people who have not heard of the Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus, which is a tribute to the marketing genius of P.T. Barnum and James Anthony Bailey. To see the beginning of this great company, we must travel all the way back.

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James Anthony Bailey and James E. Cooper created the “Cooper & Bailey Circus” in the 1860’s. P.T. Barnum had already created a recognizable brand with his name and was approached by a different circus from Delavan, Wisconsin. They asked if he might lend his name and financial backing to their company, which would then be called “P.T. Barnum’s Great Traveling Museum, Menagerie, Caravan, and Hippodrome”. He agreed, and the competition between the two circuses began. Rather than continue to fight for the same customers, the two circuses ultimately joined forces in 1881, and renamed the merger “Barnum & Bailey Circus.”

In 1884, five of the seven Ringling Brothers started a small circus which they moved from town to town. Its popularity grew and soon, they had the largest traveling amusement enterprise in the Midwest. Bailey died in 1905 and in 1907, the Ringling Brothers purchased the “Barnum & Bailey Greatest Show on Earth”, but ran the two circuses separately.

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By 1919 only two of the Ringling Brothers remained, and it was just too much work to continue running the circuses separately. They decided to merge the two corporations together. In March, posters all over New York proclaimed, “The Ringling Bros. World’s Greatest Shows and the Barnum & Bailey Greatest Show on Earth are now combined into one record-breaking giant of all exhibitions.” It was a huge success.
Charles Ringling died in 1926, but John Ringling remained at the head of the company, and he made some notable changes. He moved the headquarters to Florida in 1927, and in 1929, acquired “American Circus” and incorporated them into his company. When John died in 1936, his nephew, John Ringling North, took over.

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In 1944, a circus fire caused 167 deaths, some of which, still have not been identified, DNA testing notwithstanding. The circus tents, which were supposed to be fireproof, turned out to be flammable due to the paraffin materials used. Circus management was found to be negligent and several Ringling executives served sentences in jail. All profits for the next ten years were used to pay the claims filed against the show by the City of Hartford, Connecticut, and to the survivors of the fire.
Due to the advancement of television and movies, circus attendance took a dive. In 1957, North took another big step when he decided to graduate from portable tents to permanent structures in stadiums and other permanent venues. It was a risk, but it was right on the money and propelled them forward in a way that portable tents had not been able to.

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In 1967, Irvin Feld, Israel Feld, and Judge Roy Hofheinz, together with backing from Richard Blum, bought the company outright. Irvin removed the freak shows and the less spectacular acts, making it more family friendly and interesting. He established a Clown College in 1968 to improve the quality of the clown shows. In 1970, Feld’s only son, Kenneth, came on board. The circus was sold to Mattel in 1971, with the stipulation that the Feld family was still in charge of Management. The Fields re-purchased the circus in 1982, and then when Irvin died in 1984, Kenneth began to run the company. In 2004, Kenneth’s daughter, Nicole Feld, became the first female producer of the circus. In 2009, her sister Alana joined her as a co-producer.

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The Wolf Who Cried Wolf – The Gulf of Tonkin https://nationalinvestigativereport.com/gulf-of-tonkin/ https://nationalinvestigativereport.com/gulf-of-tonkin/#comments Tue, 11 Nov 2014 21:58:38 +0000 http://nationalinvestigativereport.com/?p=260 A Brief History of False Flag Operations Ever heard of a little conflict called Vietnam War? You may have been to the memorial in Washington DC, where you saw over 58 thousand names of those American veterans who were killed-in-action. Or you may recall the brutality of the napalm and Agent Orange air strikes that […]

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A Brief History of False Flag Operations

Ever heard of a little conflict called Vietnam War? You may have been to the memorial in Washington DC, where you saw over 58 thousand names of those American veterans who were killed-in-action. Or you may recall the brutality of the napalm and Agent Orange air strikes that killed or maimed nearly 400,000 Vietnamese, or the total Vietnamese casualties which killed nearly 2 million people. In short, the Vietnam War was an ugly, brutal, and ultimately pointless conflict that took the lives of many men, women, and children, and it was one where innocent civilians were targeted with impunity.

Photo Credit: Jorg Hackeman

Photo Credit: Jorg Hackeman

However, you might be surprised to learn that the pre-text for the entire war was a big fat lie; even worse, it was a false flag.

To recap, the semi-reliable source known as Wikipedia defines false flags as “covert military or paramilitary operations designed to deceive in such a way that the operations appear as though they are being carried out by entities, groups or nations other than those who actually planned and executed them”.

In other words: governments kill people, blame the attack on somebody else, and use it as a pretext for war. False flag operations have utilized an array of lethal tactics—including (but not limited to) blowing up ships, burning down entire cities, inciting riots, and old-fashioned covert assassinations—a veritable horn of plenty of government-sponsored terrorism!


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The Gulf of Tonkin incident refers to two separate confrontations between the navies of North Vietnam and the United States on August 2, 1964 and August 4th, 1964– the latter of which never even happened, and the former of which was most likely a deliberate provocation where our side shot first.

Photo Credit: Wikipedia

Photo Credit: Wikipedia

The result of this incident was used by then President Lyndon Johnson as way to stir up national indignation and get a resolution passed that would ‘authorize’ the president to use conventional military force in Southeast Asia, beginning a terrible precedent of military action without a formal declaration of war.

If you don’t believe me, you can examine the evidence for yourself. You could watch the documentary The Fog of War, where former defense secretary Robert McNamara admis the second attack never took place. Or you can merely listen to the words of President Lyndon Johnson, who (in referring to the second incident) admitted privately “For all I know, our navy was shooting at whales over there.” Too bad he failed to mention that in his TV address to the American public on the event.

To make matters worse, previously classified Vietnam-Era transcripts demonstrate that Senators believed the Gulf of Tonkin incident was possibly a staged false flag event. In 1968, the Vietnam conflict was four years old (by American standards), and a Senate Foreign Relations committee staff investigation had been launched to determine the truth about the Gulf of Tonkin resolution, with many senators accusing McNamara of misleading them, but its findings were sealed until 2010.

Photo Credit:  Dung Le Tien / RGBS

Photo Credit:
Dung Le Tien / RGBS

The result of all these lies and deceptions was the murder of many. To quote Senator Al Gore, Sr., one of the members of the committee: “If this country has been misled, if this committee, this Congress, has been misled by pretext into a war in which thousands of young men have died, and many more thousands have been crippled for life, and out of which their country has lost prestige, moral position in the world, the consequences are very great.”

Today, we’re still looking for justice, and for the American public to become savvy on the issue of false flags and the American government – the Wolf who cries wolf.

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The Wolf Who Cried Wolf – A Brief History of False Flag Operations https://nationalinvestigativereport.com/cried-wolf/ https://nationalinvestigativereport.com/cried-wolf/#comments Mon, 27 Oct 2014 05:49:29 +0000 http://test.nationalinvestigativereport.com/wordpress/?p=42 As George Bush once infamously said: “There’s an old saying in Tennessee – I know it’s in Texas, probably in Tennessee – that says, fool me once, shame on – shame on you. Fool me twice…the fooled man can’t get fooled again.” The point he was trying to make—albeit unsuccessfully—was that one should not believe […]

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Photo Credit: Wikipedia

Photo Credit: Wikipedia

As George Bush once infamously said: “There’s an old saying in Tennessee – I know it’s in Texas, probably in Tennessee – that says, fool me once, shame on – shame on you. Fool me twice…the fooled man can’t get fooled again.”

The point he was trying to make—albeit unsuccessfully—was that one should not believe a known and documented liar.

Mirror, mirror, on the wall, who’s the biggest liar of them all?

One of my greatest ambitions is to count the number of lies the United States government has told the American people. From little baby fibs like Watergate and the Lewinsky scandal to giant whoppers like the NSA domestic spying program, the government’s predilection for deception is pathological, consistent, and shameless.

One of the more heinous kinds of government deceptions is called a “false flag”. The semi-reliable source known as Wikipedia defines false flags as “covert military or paramilitary operations designed to deceive in such a way that the operations appear as though they are being carried out by entities, groups or nations other than those who actually planned and executed them”.


In other words: governments kill people, blame the attack on somebody else, and use it as a pretext for war. False flag operations have utilized an array of lethal tactics—including (but not limited to) blowing up ships, burning down entire cities, inciting riots, and old-fashioned covert assassinations—a veritable horn of plenty of government-sponsored terrorism!

In such operations, governments often kill their own citizens, in a kind of South Park version of real-politic: “We have to kill them or else they’ll die”. No one should be particularly shocked by this kind of action; after all, according to a University of Hawaii study by R.J. Rummel, governments have killed 262 million people in the twentieth century alone, including vast droves of their own citizens –and that’s not counting the deaths of soldiers during wartime. Democide, or murder by government, is responsible for so much death, that according to Rummel “if all these bodies were laid head to toe, with the average height being 5′, then they would circle the earth ten times.”

So let’s first take a look at a modern version of this kind of democidal false flag operation; thankfully, it’s one that never came to fruition.

Operation Northwoods

The Cold War was a proxy war where the US and the Soviet Union fought for global hegemony using satellite countries like Hollywood actors use stunt doubles. In 1962, Cuba—a Communist nation only 90 miles from the coast of Florida—became the focus of the conflict.

The U.S. wanted war, and they would try just about anything to achieve it.

Operation Northwoods was the plot by the U.S. Department of Defense to instigate such a war. The Joint Chiefs of Staff authored the documents related to the operation. They were charged by the Chief of Operations to “indicate pretexts that would provide justification for US military intervention in Cuba.” The goal was to blame Fidel Castro and communist Cuba for the attacks, and “stir up national indignation”.

Here are some of the excerpts for the various proposals:

*“A series of well coordinated incidents will be planned to take place in and around Guantanamo to give genuine appearance of being done by hostile Cuban forces.”

*“A ‘Remember the Maine’ incident could be arranged in several forms: a. We could blow up a US ship in Guantanamo Bay and blame Cuba…”

*“We could develop a Communist Cuban terror campaign in the Miami area, in other Florida cities, and even in Washington.”

*“The terror campaign could be pointed at refugees seeking haven in the United States. We could sink a boatload of Cubans in route to Florida (real or simulated)…”

*“Use of MIG type aircraft by US pilots could provide additional provocation. Harassment of civil air, attacks on surface shipping and destruction of US military drone aircraft by MIG type planes would be useful as complementary actions…”

*“Create an incident which will demonstrate convincingly that a Cuban aircraft has attacked and shot down a chartered civil airliner in route from the United States to Jamaica, Guatemala, Panama or Venezuela. The destination would be chosen only to cause the flight plan route to cross Cuba. The passengers could be a group of college students off on a holiday.”

Fortunately, Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara rejected the various proposals and the operation never took place.

However, there are other plenty of other False Flag Operations that were executed. We’ll take a look at those next.


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